Is it safe to make coffee in an aluminum coffee maker?
by Mark B.(Ottawa)
用铝制咖啡壶煮咖啡安全吗？
Aluminum Moka coffee maker.
铝制摩卡咖啡壶
QUESTION:
I have a fairly old coffee percolator, and I’m pretty sure the inside basket, that holds the coffee, is made from aluminum. I also have a stovetop moka coffee maker, and I think the whole thing is made from aluminum.The point is, I read somewhere that it’s dangerous to cook or make hot drinks with aluminum. If I remember right, there was even a reference to a connection between aluminum and Alzheimer’s disease.Is this true or an urban myth? Is it OK to keep brewing with my trusty aluminum brewers?
Mark
问题
我有一个相当旧的咖啡渗滤壶，我很确定里面装咖啡的滤篮是铝制的。我还有一个炉灶上用的摩卡咖啡壶，我觉得整个壶都是铝制的。关键是，我在某个地方读到用铝制器具烹饪或制作热饮很危险。如果我没记错的话，甚至还有说法提到铝与阿尔茨海默病有关。这是真的，还是无稽之谈呢？我还能继续用我信赖的铝制咖啡壶煮咖啡吗？
马克
ANSWER:
Mark...excellent question.Like you say, there has been plenty of talk over the years about aluminum being connected with Alzheimer’s and other forms of dementia.But when you dig a little deeper you’ll find there is very little science backing those claims.According to the Alzheimer’s Society, “Although initial studies linked aluminium toxicity with Alzheimer's disease, the link has not been proven despite continuing investigation. Importantly, there is no evidence to suggest that aluminium exposure increases your risk of dementia.”In addition, it’s worth knowing a few facts about aluminum and our exposure to it.First off, it is the third most common element on Earth. It’s everywhere...in the soil and in the water, and in the fruits and vegetables we eat every day, albeit in small quantities.As for exposure in the home, it is found in buffered aspirin, some antacids, antiperspirants, and even in pickled and processed foods.And yes, if you make coffee in an aluminum brewer, you’ll likely be exposed to a very small amount of the metal.But let’s put this in perspective.According to Cook’s Illustrated (January 2012), after lab tests were conducted on tomato sauce cooked in aluminum for two hours – tomato is very acidic - and then stored in the same pot for several hours, the sauce contained only .0024 milligrams of aluminum per cup.That’s really not very much when you consider that a single antacid tablet may contain more than 200 milligrams.If you are super-cautious, stick to stainless steel. But if you follow the science, it looks like there is pretty much no risk to brewing your coffee in aluminium.Nick
回答
马克……问得好。就像你说的，多年来一直有很多关于铝与阿尔茨海默病及其他类型痴呆症相关的说法。但深入探究一下，你会发现几乎没有科学依据支持这些说法。根据阿尔茨海默病协会的说法，“尽管最初的研究将铝中毒与阿尔茨海默病联系起来，但尽管持续研究，这种联系仍未得到证实。重要的是，没有证据表明接触铝会增加患痴呆症的风险。”此外，了解一些关于铝以及我们接触铝的事实是有价值的。首先，铝是地球上第三常见的元素。它无处不在……存在于土壤、水中，以及我们每天吃的水果和蔬菜中，尽管含量很少。至于在家中接触到铝的情况，它存在于缓冲阿司匹林、一些抗酸剂、止汗剂中，甚至存在于腌制食品和加工食品中。是的，如果你用铝制咖啡壶煮咖啡，你可能会接触到极少量的铝这种金属。但我们要正确看待这个问题。根据《烹饪插图》（2012年1月）的报道，在对用铝锅煮两小时的番茄酱（番茄酸性很强）进行实验室测试，然后将其在同一锅中存放几个小时后，每杯番茄酱仅含0.0024毫克铝。当你想到一片抗酸药片可能含有超过200毫克铝时，这点含量真的不算多。如果你极其谨慎，那就坚持使用不锈钢制品。但如果依据科学来看，用铝制咖啡壶煮咖啡似乎几乎没有风险。
尼克
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| Aluminum slowly accumulates in your body
by: Anonymous Aluminum is the cause of Alzheimer's. Check out the writings of Dennis N Crouse who in his 1st book uses Bradford Hills criteria for causation to prove aluminum is the cause of Alzheimer's and in his recent book (2022) uses Causal Inference and proves aluminum is the cause of all the biomarkers of Alzheimer's. This coffee pot is only one source of aluminum we are exposed to. The number of sources is increasing. Pots and Pans, treated drinking water, baking powder, antacids, antiperspirants, food dyes, most drip style coffee makers (an aluminum heating element) and more. Dennis has a website where you can find a list of sources of aluminum. Dennis has tested drip style coffee makers, aluminum pots for how much aluminum is released. At the website there is a list of things that contain aluminum and safer alternatives. The good news is drinking silica rich mineral water removes aluminum from the body and brain. 铝会在体内慢慢积累 作者：匿名 铝是导致阿尔茨海默病的原因。看看丹尼斯·N·克劳斯的著作，他在第一本书中使用布拉德福德·希尔因果标准来证明铝是阿尔茨海默病的病因，在他最近（2022年）的书中，他使用因果推断证明铝是阿尔茨海默病所有生物标志物的病因。这个咖啡壶只是我们接触铝的来源之一。铝的来源数量在不断增加。锅碗瓢盆、经过处理的饮用水、发酵粉、抗酸剂、止汗剂、食用色素、大多数滴漏式咖啡壶（铝制加热元件）等等。丹尼斯有一个网站，在那里你可以找到铝的来源清单。丹尼斯测试过滴漏式咖啡壶、铝锅释放铝的量。网站上有含有铝的物品清单以及更安全的替代品。好消息是，饮用富含二氧化硅的矿泉水可以从身体和大脑中去除铝。 http://prevent-alzheimers-autism-stroke.com/
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| SS CONTAINS CHROMIUM AND OTHER NASTIES.
by: Bruce Perry, Ph.D.
SS, especially cheap SS contains far more dangerous elements that can keach from the SS.
GLASSWARE does not. 不锈钢含有铬和其他有害物质 作者：布鲁斯·佩里博士 不锈钢，尤其是廉价不锈钢，含有更多可能从不锈钢中渗出的危险元素。玻璃制品则不会。 |
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| lol
by: William
Heres what I think
Aluminum pots and pans have been around for generations...and yet somehow dementia and Alzheimers are a FAR more common thing today than 30-50 years ago. Granted there is a portion of the population that is older now, but duh...thats the point More elderly, more dementia, aluminum or no..
But here the rub.
Way back when....100 years ago....uncoated pressure cookers, coffee pots, pots and pans were getting more and more use...more popular.
So if it was the pots and pans and old coffee pots causing dementia, the math says around 1950 or so...up thru maybe the 80s, there should have been an explosion of elderly, and even younger, getting dementia.
and then as we've started using less uncoated aluminum, the cases per capita SHOULD be DECREASING as we're not cooking in uncoated aluminum as much thru the late 80s, 90s and forward.
Sorry but I dont see thats the case. It seems like dementia per capita is INCREASING now, even without the bare aluminum cookware.
I just went out into the house here and TWO of TWO products I looked at have aluminum in them.
Baking Soda and Deodorant.
MY guess is THAT is the sort of thing that is the culprit here.
You eat food made with baking powder/soda?
There you go.
$1000 says a couple cups of coffee a day made in an aluminum coffee pot arent even a blip on the radar compared to all those baked goods ALL of us eat that are made with Baking powder/soda, let along the hundreds or even thousands of other items around our houses that we're shoving into our bodies with aluminum in them, lol 哈哈 作者：威廉 这是我的想法。铝制锅碗瓢盆已经存在好几代人了……然而不知为何，如今痴呆症和阿尔茨海默病比30 - 50年前要常见得多。诚然，现在有一部分人口年龄更大了，但这就是关键所在。老年人越多，痴呆症患者就越多，不管有没有铝的影响。但问题就在这里。很久以前……100年前……无涂层的高压锅、咖啡壶、锅碗瓢盆的使用越来越多，越来越受欢迎。所以如果是锅碗瓢盆和旧咖啡壶导致痴呆症，从数学角度讲，大约在1950年左右……一直到也许80年代，应该会出现老年人甚至年轻人患痴呆症的激增情况。然后随着我们开始减少使用无涂层铝制品，从80年代后期、90年代及以后，人均患病人数应该会减少，因为我们不再像以前那样频繁地使用无涂层铝制炊具做饭了。抱歉，但我没看到这种情况。似乎即使没有无涂层铝制炊具，现在人均患痴呆症的人数也在增加。我刚刚在屋里看了看，我看的两样产品都含有铝。小苏打和除臭剂。我猜就是这类东西才是罪魁祸首。你吃用发酵粉/小苏打制作的食物吗？就是这样。我敢打赌，与我们所有人吃的用发酵粉/小苏打制作的烘焙食品相比，每天用铝制咖啡壶煮几杯咖啡带来的影响简直微不足道，更不用说我们家里塞进身体里的成百上千种其他含铝物品了，哈哈。 |
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| Aluminum coffee pot
by: Renee
I have an old 1960s comet coffee pot from my late grandmother. She and my grandfather used this for years, as a child I remember her brewing this pot. She lived to be 90 years old, and she did not have Alzheimer's nor dementia, thankfully, from using the aluminum pot. 铝制咖啡壶 作者：勒妮 我有一个20世纪60年代的老式彗星咖啡壶，是我已故祖母的。她和我祖父用了这个壶很多年，我小时候记得她用这个壶煮咖啡。她活到了90岁，而且她没有因为使用这个铝制咖啡壶而患上阿尔茨海默病或痴呆症，谢天谢地。 |
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| Age of Al
by: Anonymous
See Dr Exley’s research , he was the leading researcher into ecological hazards of aluminum starting in the 79sxand 80s investigating acid rain. He found that it was actually aluminum in the water killing fish. It is in pharmaceuticals and many many things. Al is so useful for so many industries that it will never be banned, so do your due diligence.
From fish he decided to investigate human brains and found Alzheimer’s brains had extremely high levels of aluminum and with familial Alzheimer’s, there was a genetic susceptibility to accumulate Al in the brains. He also sampled healthy brains and found they did not accumulate Al. He was asked to investigate the brains of autistic children and found they had even more Al accumulation then Alzheimer’s! Al hydroxide is used as vaccine adjuvant where Al gets taken up by macrophages and lymphocytes and transported all over the body. In some people this can accumulate more than others, causing all kinds of disease. 铝的年代 作者：匿名 看看埃克斯利博士的研究，他从70年代末和80年代开始就是铝对生态危害的首席研究员，当时在调查酸雨问题。他发现实际上是水中的铝导致鱼类死亡。铝存在于药品以及许许多多东西中。铝对众多行业都非常有用，所以它永远不会被禁止，所以要做好自己该做的调查。从研究鱼类开始，他决定研究人类大脑，发现阿尔茨海默病患者的大脑中铝含量极高，对于家族性阿尔茨海默病，存在一种遗传易感性，使得大脑中会积累铝。他还对健康大脑进行了采样，发现它们不会积累铝。他被要求研究自闭症儿童的大脑，发现他们大脑中铝的积累量甚至比阿尔茨海默病患者还多！氢氧化铝被用作疫苗佐剂，铝会被巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞吸收并输送到全身。在一些人身上，铝的积累会比其他人更多，从而引发各种疾病。 |
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| ALUMINUM IS GREAT
by: Pistachio
For Spaceships & Airplanes . . . . . .
In the kitchen No....
Why even test the question.... if it is even remotely possible that aluminum is dangerous... pass
Aluminum is soft, does dull, corrode and blemish. Why even bother....
Certainly - It is Not - Aluminum or nothing
Go SS -- Stainless Steel INOX
Costs?,, one time a little bit more....
and you will have it forever and ever... 铝很棒 作者：开心果 用于宇宙飞船和飞机……在厨房就算了……为什么还要去探讨这个问题……如果铝哪怕有一点点可能存在危险……就别用。铝很软，会失去光泽、腐蚀和产生瑕疵。何必呢……当然 - 不是非用铝不可。选择不锈钢 - 不锈钢（INOX）。成本？一次性多花一点……但你会永远拥有它。
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| donc wash coffe pot in washing machine
by: Anonymous
aluminium italian coffee pot should not be washed with soap, actualy the coffee oil that stick in it is protecting the alu from oxydation, remove this layer of old cofee oil and it will corrode,
dont forget too long ur cofee pot on the heat after the cofee being done otherwise this oil layer gona burn give bad smel and not protect anymore ur aluminium,
if its badly corroded dispose of it, or re pour the aluminium in other alu project 不要用洗碗机洗咖啡壶 作者：匿名 意大利铝制咖啡壶不应该用肥皂清洗，实际上附着在上面的咖啡油可以保护铝不被氧化，去除这层旧咖啡油，它就会腐蚀。咖啡煮好后，不要让咖啡壶在火上放太久，否则这层油会烧焦，产生难闻的气味，而且不再能保护你的铝制咖啡壶。如果它严重腐蚀了，就扔掉它，或者把铝重新熔铸用于其他铝制品项目。 |
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| NO IT IS NOT SAFE
by: Laurie
Aluminum is a neurotoxin and is not needed for any process in our bodies. In fact aluminum interferes with over 200 processes in our body. Research has reached a tipping point and aluminum is a causal factor of Alzheimer's and Autism. My husband Dennis N Crouse who is a chemist has tested drip style coffee makers for the amount of aluminum added to the water. 不安全 作者：劳里 铝是一种神经毒素，我们身体的任何生理过程都不需要它。事实上，铝会干扰我们身体200多个生理过程。研究已经到了一个转折点，铝是阿尔茨海默病和自闭症的致病因素。我的丈夫丹尼斯·N·克劳斯是一名化学家，他测试过滴漏式咖啡壶煮水时会向水中释放多少铝。 |
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| Aluminum is EVERYWHERE in nature line
by: Anonymous
Aluminum is commonly found in the natural world, but never in 'free form'. In nature, aluminum is always found bound to other elements. Aluminum in free form has to be mined, refined and distributed. This, in fact (the literature is so overwhelming at this point, anyone using the words may, might or maybe harmful or more research needed, is either misinformed or deliberately disinforming you), is the single greatest contributor to alzeimer's pandemic (global problem). Full stop 铝在自然界中无处不在 作者：匿名 铝在自然界中很常见，但从不以“游离形式”存在。在自然界中，铝总是与其他元素结合在一起。游离态的铝必须经过开采、提炼和分销。事实上（目前相关文献资料极为丰富，任何使用“可能”“也许”“大概有害”或者“还需要更多研究”这类表述的人，要么是消息不灵通，要么就是故意误导你），这是导致阿尔茨海默病成为全球性问题的最大单一因素。就是这样。 |
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| Too easy
by: pistachio
avoid any controversy
no aluminum
Stainless only
there! you're done. 太简单了 作者：开心果 避免任何争议，不用铝制品，只用不锈钢的。好了，问题解决。 |
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| The debate goes on
by: Anonymous
I just had this discussion with my spouse regarding the safety of aluminum percolators, versus our drip coffee maker, which does not make a very tasty cup of Joe.
Like the previous poster, I recall past debates over aluminum
coffee makers possibly linked to dementia, and specifically
Alzheimer’s disease.
This discussion was initially sparked by the use of aluminum foil as a possible culprit to this debilitating disease, along with the use of baking powder that has aluminum as an active ingredient within when making waffles, or pancakes.
I am not too sure what the actual scientific consensus is at this point, and I am almost certain there is an ongoing debate over the pros and cons regarding aluminum, and its use in percolators, foil paper, baking powder, and the like, versus its correlate to Alzheimer’s disease, or other forms of dementia.
We are now over 60 years of age, still healthy, so a cup of Joe
is what we are concerned with. 争论仍在继续 作者：匿名 我刚刚和我的配偶就铝制渗滤壶与我们的滴漏式咖啡壶哪个更安全进行了讨论，我们的滴漏式咖啡壶煮出的咖啡味道不太好。和之前的发帖者一样，我记得过去曾有关于铝制咖啡壶可能与痴呆症，特别是阿尔茨海默病有关的争论。这次讨论最初是由使用铝箔可能是导致这种使人衰弱疾病的一个因素引发的，还有在制作华夫饼或煎饼时使用含有铝作为活性成分的发酵粉也引发了讨论。我不太确定目前实际的科学共识是什么，而且我几乎可以肯定，关于铝及其在渗滤壶、铝箔纸、发酵粉等中的使用，与阿尔茨海默病或其他类型痴呆症之间的关联，其利弊仍存在持续的争论。我们现在都60多岁了，身体还很健康，所以我们关心的就是一杯咖啡。 |
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| Dan unConclude
by: pistachio
why?
go to Amazon
Swarch: Campfire Coffee Pots
you will find numerous choices. 丹 未完毕 作者：开心果 为什么呢？去亚马逊搜索：篝火咖啡壶，你会找到很多选择。 |
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| Thanks and My Conclusion
by: Dan
Thank you all for the posts.
We got rid of Aluminum cookware about 5 years ago. Perhaps that was not necessary, but its done.
Looking for a campfire coffee pot. After reading all of these posts I feel reasonably safe getting an aluminum pot.
We only camp about once a year and I'll only rinse the pot out, no scrubbing or soap.
I'll try to get an anodized pot.
Generally, I love cast iron, but Aluminum is way lighter!
Thanks 感谢与我的结论 作者：丹 感谢大家的帖子。我们大约在5年前就扔掉了铝制炊具。也许没必要这么做，但已经做了。我在找一个篝火咖啡壶。看了所有这些帖子后，我觉得买一个铝制咖啡壶还算比较安全。我们一年只露营一次，而且我只会冲洗这个壶，不会擦洗也不用肥皂。我会尽量买一个阳极氧化处理过的壶。一般来说，我喜欢铸铁制品，但铝制品要轻得多！谢谢。 |
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| Safe or not.....
by: pistachio
I don't like aluminum
For cooking or brewing
it cannot compare to
Stainless Steel
Carbon Steel
Cast Iron 安全与否……作者：开心果 我不喜欢铝制品 无论是烹饪还是冲泡饮品 它都比不上 不锈钢 碳钢 铸铁
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| Link to studies
by: dk
There are a series of 3 papers published in the journal Environmental Science Europe which address this and related topics. "Migration of aluminum from food contact materials to food—a health risk for consumers?" , Stahl T et al. The links:
Part 1: "exposure to aluminum, release of aluminum, tolerable weekly intake (TWI), toxicological effects of aluminum, study design, and methods."
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5388732/
Part 2: "migration of aluminum from drinking bottles and moka pots made of aluminum to beverages."
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5388725/
Part 3: "migration of aluminum to food from camping dishes and utensils made of aluminum."
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5388722/
Part 2 is most relevant to this moka pot discussion. The abstract's Conclusions section states: "In a systematic study of aluminum drinking bottles, it has been shown that drinking a mixture of apple juice and mineral water in an aluminum bottle may reach 86.6% of the total weekly intake (TWI) for adults, and drinking tea from an aluminum bottle may exceed the TWI (145%) for a child weighing 15 kg. In contrast, preparing coffee in an aluminum moka pot results in a maximum of 4% to TWI, if an average of 3.17 L coffee is consumed per week, even if the pots are washed in the dishwasher, against the explicit instructions of the manufacturer."
So this sounds like relatively good news for aluminum moka pots.
The other thing I was curious about was, what's the big deal with running stuff in the dishwasher? They tested that too, and show that leached aluminum levels jump considerably in the batch following dishwashing. Presumably the dishwasher probably strips off the passivation layer (oxidation), exposing reactive aluminum. Like others have said, letting the baked-on "coffee crud" layers pile up is likely also protective as a further barrier between the aluminum and the hot acidic coffee.
On a side note, it never occurred to me that my everyday aluminum water bottle (or a canteen) could be such a source of leached aluminum. And I'd forgotten about aluminum in anti-perspirants; it's interesting that there is some correlation between aluminum anti-perspirant use and incidence in females of cancer of the upper outer quadrant of the breast (closest to the armpit.)
Anyways, I just wanted to share these research articles, to help others form a more well-rounded opinion. 研究链接 作者：dk 《欧洲环境科学》杂志发表了一系列共3篇论文，探讨了这个及相关主题。《铝从食品接触材料向食品的迁移——对消费者构成健康风险？》，作者为施塔尔等人。链接如下： 第一部分：“铝暴露、铝释放、每周可耐受摄入量（TWI）、铝的毒理效应、研究设计与方法” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5388732/ 第二部分：“铝从铝制饮料瓶和摩卡壶迁移至饮品中的情况” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5388725/ 第三部分：“铝从铝制野营餐具迁移至食物中的情况” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5388722/ 第二部分与本次关于摩卡壶的讨论最为相关。摘要的结论部分指出：“在对铝制饮料瓶的系统研究中发现，成年人饮用铝瓶中苹果汁和矿泉水的混合液，铝摄入量可能达到每周总摄入量（TWI）的86.6%；15公斤重的儿童饮用铝瓶中的茶，铝摄入量可能超过每周可耐受摄入量（145%）。相比之下，如果每周平均饮用3.17升咖啡，即使按照制造商明确说明的不当操作，用洗碗机清洗铝制摩卡壶，煮出的咖啡中铝含量最高也仅达到每周可耐受摄入量的4%。” 所以，这对铝制摩卡壶来说似乎是相对好的消息。 我好奇的另一件事是，用洗碗机清洗有什么大问题呢？他们也对此做了测试，结果显示，经洗碗机清洗后，下一批次饮品中的铝溶出量大幅上升。大概是洗碗机可能会去除钝化层（氧化层），使铝暴露出来发生反应。就像其他人说的，让附着在壶上的“咖啡垢”堆积，可能也能起到保护作用，进一步在铝和热的酸性咖啡之间形成屏障。 顺便说一句，我从未想过我日常用的铝制水瓶（或水壶）会是铝溶出的一个来源。而且我都忘了止汗剂里也有铝；有趣的是，女性使用含铝止汗剂与乳腺外上象限（最靠近腋窝处）癌症发病率之间存在一定关联。 不管怎样，我只是想分享这些研究文章，帮助大家形成更全面的观点。 |
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